Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is a white solid and a highly strong base, available in various forms such as flakes, granules, rods, and lumps. It is also known as potash or caustic potash. The most common form, flakes, is widely used in agriculture, fertilizer production, paints, resins, and adhesives, while granules are preferred for food and pharmaceutical grades. Key Applications 1. Detergents & Cleaning Agents Used in industrial and household cleaners, including paint removers, lacquer removers, rust removers, dishwasher tablets, soaps, degreasers, and bleaches. Potassium-based soaps are more effective than sodium-based ones because they require less water due to their high cleaning power. 2. Batteries & Industrial Uses Electrolyte in alkaline batteries. Used in the textile industry for cotton mercerization, in paper production, and aluminum manufacturing. Acts as a catalyst in biodiesel production from fats and oils. 3. Agriculture & pH Control Used for pH regulation in agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and resin production. Has pesticidal properties, helping control crop pests. 4. Oil & Gas Refining Used in petroleum and natural gas processing to remove organic acids and sulfur compounds. Absorbs carbon dioxide (CO₂), sulfur trioxide (SO₃), and nitrogen trioxide (NO₃) from natural gas streams. 5. Food Industry A common food additive, used in soft drinks, chocolate, and cocoa. Functions as a thickener and stabilizer in foods like ice cream. Helps create crisp textures in baked goods like pretzels. Used in caramel color production. Safety Precautions Potassium hydroxide is highly corrosive, and proper safety measures must be taken when handling it.